having knowledge or awareness of one’s own thinking

• Metacognition is a strategy that can lead to active processing of new information (i.e., language of mathematics) in relation to prior knowledge and help establish richly interconnected knowledge bases characteristic of experts in a content area (Goldman et al., 1999).

• Metacognition is a collective term used to include metacognitive knowledge/skills, metacognitive experiences, and the interaction between the two.

• Schoenfeld (1985) characterizes metacognitive skills as “aspects of mathematical ‘understanding’ that extend beyond the mastery of routine facts and procedures” (p. 361).